Hazardous Materials Awareness, Section 3: Gathering and Analyzing Information

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1. Slide 1

   Hazardous Materials Safety & Security

   • Awareness Training
   • Section III
   • Gathering and Analyzing Information
2. Slide 2

   Funding Acknowledgement

   • This material was produced under grant number SH-31200-SH7 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
3. Slide 3

   Section III Objectives

   • List six clues for hazardous materials/WMD recognition and identification
   • Recognize the appropriate U.N./DOT hazard class for various substances
   • Identify the product name using U.N. identification numbers
   • Recognize the general type of container, product and hazards that may be present in various types of transportation vessels
4. Slide 4

   Recognition and Identification Clues

   • 1. Occupancy/Location
   • 2. Container/Vehicle Shapes
   • 3. Placards, Labels, and Markings
   • 4. Non-Transportation Markings and Colors
   • 5. Written resources, Safety Data Sheets
   • 6. Senses
5. Slide 5

   Clue 1: Occupancy/Location

   • Type of occupancy at the incident scene
   • Shipboard
   • Dockside
   • Warehouse
   • Vehicle Type
   • Type of Industry
6. Slide 6

   Clue 1: Occupancy/Location

   • Knowledge of the specific geographic area or transportation corridor
   • Port
   • Off shore facility
   • Interstate highway
   • Rail line
   • Pipeline
7. Slide 7

   Clue 1: Occupancy/Location

   • All occupancies or locations have the potential to involve hazardous substances/WMD
   • Awareness
   • Vessel Emergency Plans
   • Facility Emergency Plans
   • Always consider hazardous substances may be present!
8. Slide 8

   Activity 3.1 Recognizing Occupancy and Location

   • Using the ERG, view the following slides and identify:
   • Location
   • Type of occupancy
   • Property
   • Life
   • Material
   • ERG page number
   • Other useful information
9. Slide 9

   Activity 3.1: Example 1

10. Slide 10

    Activity 3.1: Example 2

11. Slide 11

    Activity 3.1: Example 3

12. Slide 12

    Activity 3.1: Example 4

13. Slide 13

    Activity 3.1: Example 5

14. Slide 14

    Activity 3.1: Example 6

15. Slide 15

    Activity 3.1: Example 7

16. Slide 16

    Ammonia Spill Video

    • WATCH ON YOU TUBE
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNkdAs1e7Cw
17. Slide 17

    Clue 2 :Container/Vehicle Shapes

    • Container characteristics can indicate content/hazard
    • Shape
    • Size
    • Composition
    • Transport vehicle type
18. Slide 18

    Transportation Modes

    • Highway
    • Railway
    • Water
    • Air
    • Pipeline
19. Slide 19

    Highway Transportation

    • Box trailer
    • Tube trailer
    • Flatbed
    • Tank trailer
    • Dry bulk
    • Personal or company vehicle
    • Van
    • Approximately 50% of all highway transports are carrying hazardous materials
    • Only 50% of these transports containing hazardous materials are required to display placards
20. Slide 20

    Box Trailer

    • Typically mixed cargo
    • bags
    • boxes
    • drums
    • tanks
    • cylinders
    • Several placards or none
    • Cargo not visible
21. Slide 21

    Flatbed

    • Large Objects
    • Bulk
    • Non-bulk
    • All classes of hazmat
22. Slide 22

    Dry Bulk Cargo Tank

    • Carries solid materials
    • Dusts
    • Powder
    • Pellets
    • Guide 134
    • Materials can be corrosives/oxidizers
    • V or W shape on the bottom of trailer
23. Slide 23

    Tank Trailers

    • Built to government specifications
    • Motor Carrier (MC)
    • Dept. of Transportation (DOT)
    • Transport Canada (TC)
    • Various tank truck diagrams in ERG
24. Slide 24

    Low Pressure Chemical Tank MC 306 / DOT 406

    • Oval/Elliptical
    • Aluminum construction with bottom piping
    • Shell may be smooth or external ribs
25. Slide 25

    DOT 306 / 406 Compared to DOT 307 / 407

26. Slide 26

    High Pressure Tank MC 331

    • Round cross section
    • Liquefied petroleum gases
    • Liquefied compressed gases
    • Subject to “Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion” (BLEVE)
27. Slide 27

    Cryogenic Liquid Tank MC 338

    • Gases Transported as liquid
    • Product name on each side of trailer
    • Large bulky shell with heavy insulation
    • Loading station in middle or end of trailed
28. Slide 28

    Tube Trailer

    • Group of compressed gas cylinders
    • Gases under high pressure
    • Products carried include
    • Helium/Oxygen/Hydrogen
    • Refrigerant gases
29. Slide 29

    Personal or Company Vehicle

    • Awareness.. Do not assume
    • Items often transported
    • Radioactive pharmaceuticals
    • Industrial chemicals
    • Household chemicals
30. Slide 30

    Railway Transportation

    • Boxcar
    • Flatcar
    • High Pressure Tank Car
    • Cryogenic Tank Car
    • Gondola
    • Trailer on a Flat Car (TOFC)
    • Covered Hopper Car
    • Container on a Flat Car (COFC)
    • Open Hopper Car
    • Intermodal Tank Car
    • Low-Pressure Tank Car
31. Slide 31

    Box Car

32. Slide 32

    Covered Hopper Car

33. Slide 33

    Open Hopper Car

34. Slide 34

    Low-Pressure Tank Car

    • Solids – sulfur, phosphorus
    • Liquids – industrial solvents, motor fuels, food grade products
    • May have 6 compartments
    • Tank within a tank
    • Outer shell holds insulation over an inner tank
35. Slide 35

    Low-Pressure Tank Car

    • Non-pressure may not be accurate description
    • Non-pressure may have up to 100 psi
    • Man-way and fittings on top of car
    • Carry solids that can be liquefied with heat for loading or unloading
36. Slide 36

    Pressure Tank Car

    • Large, round protective housing on top contains all valves
    • May carry liquefied compressed gases
    • Poisons
    • Oxidizers
    • Asphyxiants
    • Other combinations
37. Slide 37

    Pressure Tank Car

    • Insulated or non insulated
    • May have thermal protection coating sprayed on exterior
    • May experience BLEVE if involved in fire
38. Slide 38

    Cryogenic Tank Car

    • Tank within a tank
    • Loading and unloading fittings underneath at the center or end of car
    • Common products shipped
    • Nitrogen
    • Oxygen
    • Carbon monoxide
39. Slide 39

    Intermodal (IM) Containers

    • Highway to Rail to Water
    • Carry any type of material
    • Often affixed to railcars
    • May be:
    • Trailers
    • Box like containers
    • Tank supported by frame
40. Slide 40

    Intermodal (IM) Containers

41. Slide 41

    Water Transportation

    • Ships and barges
    • Large quantities of product
    • Large problems during an incident
42. Slide 42

    River Port

43. Slide 43

    Tanker Ship

44. Slide 44

    Tanker Ship

45. Slide 45

    Coastal Trading Vessel

46. Slide 46

    Refrigerator “Reefer” Ship

47. Slide 47

    Heavy Lift Ships

48. Slide 48

    Cruise Ship

49. Slide 49

    Livestock Vessel

50. Slide 50

    Air Transportation

    • Hazmats transported in dedicated cargo planes or passenger planes
    • Heavily regulated
    • Quantities limited by type of aircraft and chemical
    • Aircraft carries large amounts of fuel
    • Cargo aircraft uses containers called “Unit Load Device” (ULD)
51. Slide 51

    Cargo Plane

52. Slide 52

    Pipeline Transportation

    • Below or above ground
    • Carries variety of products
    • Multiple products may be carried
    • High pressures
53. Slide 53

    Pipeline Markers

    • Indicate where line crosses or goes under water, roads, residential areas, etc.
    • Pipeline rights of way are about 50ft wide
54. Slide 54

    Activity 3.2 Recognizing transportation containers

    • Using the ERG, view the following slides and identify:
    • Location
    • Type of occupancy
    • Property
    • Life
    • Material
    • ERG page number
    • Other useful information
55. Slide 55

    Activity 3.2: Example 1

56. Slide 56

    Activity 3.2: Example 2

57. Slide 57

    Activity 3.2: Example 3

58. Slide 58

    Activity 3.2: Example 4

59. Slide 59

    Activity 3.2: Example 5

60. Slide 60

    Activity 3.2: Example 6

61. Slide 61

    Activity 3.2: Example 7

62. Slide 62

    Fixed-Site Containers

    • Various different types of containers
    • Potential for large quantities
    • Can include transport containers
    • Containers are classified by pressure
    • Atmospheric: 0 - 5 psi
    • Low pressure: 5 - 100 psi
    • High pressure: 100 - 3,000 psi
    • Ultra high-pressure: > 3,000 psi
63. Slide 63

    Atmospheric

    • Contains liquids or solids
    • Size range and configurations vary
    • Multi-container packages common
    • Above and below ground fuel storage tanks
    • Types of packaging
    • Bags
    • Cans
    • Jars
    • Drums
    • Boxes
    • Liquid Fuel Storage Tanks
    • Totes
64. Slide 64

    Individual Containers

    • Smaller quantities
    • Various sizes and shapes
    • DOT labels affixed to packages for transportation
    • Facility markings may be different on non-transport storage or usage
65. Slide 65

    Non-Bulk Bag

66. Slide 66

    Non-Bulk Containers

    • Drums
    • Construction materials
    • Fiberboard
    • Metal
    • Plastic
    • Openings
    • Open head, chime/bolt
    • ring
    • Tight or closed head, bung & inspection holes
67. Slide 67

    Non-Bulk Containers

    • Pressurized cylinders
    • May hold
    • Liquefied or non-liquefied gas
    • Dissolved gases
    • Solids or liquids
    • Cryogenics
68. Slide 68

    Low Pressure

    • Special Drums
    • Equipment/processing
    • Storage Tanks
    • Pipelines
    • Used for Volatile liquids, solids and some gases
69. Slide 69

    Horizontal Cylindrical Tank

70. Slide 70

    Covered Top Floating Roof Tank with Geodesic Dome

71. Slide 71

    High Pressure

    • Cylinders and spheres
    • Ex. Medical oxygen cylinders
    • Normally contain gases, liquids or powders
    • Usually above ground
72. Slide 72

    High-Pressure Spherical Tank

73. Slide 73

    High-Pressure Horizontal “Bullet” Tank

74. Slide 74

    Packaging of Radioactive Materials

    • Packed and shipped under strict regulations
    • Regulations designed to protect:
    • Public
    • Transportation workers
    • Environment
    • Packaging depends on form, type, and activity
75. Slide 75

    Types of Packaging

    • Excepted
    • Strong Tight
    • Type A
    • Type B
76. Slide 76

    Types of Packaging

    • Excepted
    • For small amounts or radioactivity
    • Typical shipping packages
    • Not required to be labeled
    • Examples:
    • Smoke detectors
    • Luminous watch dials
    • Medical diagnostic kits
77. Slide 77

    Types of Packaging

    • Strong Tight
    • Low Specific Activity (LSA) materials
    • Materials from laboratories, power plants, and hospitals
    • Type A packaging
    • Labeled “RADIOACTIVE LSA”
    • Danger is minimal
78. Slide 78

    Types of Packaging

    • Type A
    • Greater amounts of activity
    • Designed to hold contents in rough handling
    • Amount is specified by radionuclide and form
    • Examples
    • Radiopharmaceuticals
    • Industrial radiography sources
    • Research sources
79. Slide 79

    Types of Packaging

    • Type B
    • Highly radioactive
    • No recorded failures during transportation
    • Designed to hold contents under:
    • Extreme accident conditions
    • Submersion in water
    • Puncture, fall, and thermal extremes
80. Slide 80

    Clue 3: Placards, Labels, and Markings

    • Identify presence
    • Identify dangers
    • Identify products
    • Not always uniform
81. Slide 81

    Placards

    • 10.75 inch diamond
    • Color-coded
    • Contain symbols
    • Applied to sides and ends of containers
    • Nine hazard classes, listed on Chart 15
    • Table 1 (placard any quantity)
    • Table 2 (placard 1,001 lbs. or more)
82. Slide 82

    Class 1: Explosives

83. Slide 83

    Class 2: Gasses

84. Slide 84

    Class 3: Flammable Liquids

85. Slide 85

    Class 4: Flammable Solids

86. Slide 86

    Class 5: Oxidizers

87. Slide 87

    Class 6: Toxic Materials

88. Slide 88

    Class 7: Radioactive Materials

89. Slide 89

    Class 9: Miscellaneous

90. Slide 90

    Class 9: Miscellaneous

91. Slide 91

    Marine Pollutant

92. Slide 92

    Dangerous Placard

93. Slide 93

    Labels

    • 4 inch square
    • Scaled-down version of placards
    • Used on individual packages
    • Typically found in one or two locations on package
    • Multiple products
    • Primary label
    • Subsidiary label for each hazard
94. Slide 94

    Clue 4: Non-Transportation Markings and Colors

    • NFPA 704
    • Hazard Communications
    • Container Markings and Stencils
    • Military Markings
95. Slide 95

    National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 704

    • Requirements for fixed-site locations
    • Identifies hazards and dangers
    • 4-quadrant diamond
    • Color and numeric identifiers
96. Slide 96

    NFPA 704 Diamond

97. Slide 97

    Hazard Communications

    • Referred to as Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS)
    • Colored bars or diamonds
    • Similar to NFPA 704
    • Found on individual containers
    • For normal work environments, not for emergencies
98. Slide 98

    Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS)

99. Slide 99

    DOT HAZMAT Markings

    • Hot Marking - used on elevated temperature products
    • Marine Pollutant - products known to pollute water
    • Inhalation Hazard – products that are poisonous when inhaled
    • Infectious Substances - products that may affect public health (Class 6)
100. Slide 100

     Markings

101. Slide 101

     Railcar Stencils

     • Reporting marks and number
     • Left end when facing tank car
     • Weight/volume
     • DOT specifications
     • Right end when facing tank car
     • Tank material
     • Test pressure/relief settings
     • Product name (dedicated cars)
     • Listed in ERG
102. Slide 102

     Tank Car Markings

     • Car Initial & Number (reporting marks)
     • Specification Stencil
     • ABCX 123456
     • LD LMT 000000 lb 00000 kg
     • SAFETY VALVE 75 PSI
     • TESTED 00/00/00
     • DUE 00/00/00
     • TANK 100 PSI
     • Weight Limit
     • Water Capacity
     • Stencil
103. Slide 103

     Reporting Rail & Intermodal Markings

     • Markings can be thought of as “license plates”
     • Shipping papers
     • Locations
     • Upper left on the side of railway cars
     • Top center on railway tank heads
     • Upper right on the sides and ends of intermodal containers
104. Slide 104

     Military Markings

105. Slide 105

     Activity 3.3 Recognizing Placards and Markings

     • Using the ERG, view the following slides and identify:
     • Placard
     • Class
     • Material
     • ERG page number
     • Other useful information
106. Slide 106

     Activity 3.3: Example 1

107. Slide 107

     Activity 3.3: Example 2

108. Slide 108

     Activity 3.3: Example 3

109. Slide 109

     Activity 3.3: Example 4

110. Slide 110

     Activity 3.3: Example 5

111. Slide 111

     Activity 3.3: Example 6

112. Slide 112

     Clue 5: Written Resources

     • Manifest/Shipping Papers
     • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
     • Safety Data Sheets (SDS) – GHS
     • NIOSH
113. Slide 113

     Clue 5: Written Resources

     • DOT Required Description
     • Proper shipping name
     • Hazard class or division
     • ID number
     • Packing group
     • Quantity
114. Slide 114

     Shipping Papers

     • Each mode of transportation has a specific name and location for its manifest/shipping papers
     • Person in charge of vessel/vehicle must maintain these papers
     • Shipping paper details
     • No abbreviations (unless DOT approved)
     • Emergency response phone number
     • Quantity of material
     • Number of containers
115. Slide 115

     Types of Shipping Papers

     • Highway
     • Name: Bill of Lading
     • Location: Cab or driver
     • Water
     • Name: Dangerous Cargo Manifest
     • Location: Ship Captain, wheelhouse, or special container in barges
     • Railway
     • Name: Consist or Waybill
     • Location: Crew or engine
     • Waste
     • Name: Hazardous Waste Manifest
     • Location: Person in charge of vessel/vehicle
     • Air
     • Name: Air Bill
     • Location: Pilot or cockpit
116. Slide 116

     Safety Data Sheets

     • Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
     • Format not regulated by 29 CFR 1910.1200
     • Style and content vary
     • Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
     • Global Harmonization System (GHS)
     • Format is regulated
117. Slide 117

     16-Section Safety Data Sheet

     • 1. Identification of the substance or mixture and of the supplier
     • 2. Hazards identification
     • 3. Composition/information on ingredients Substance/Mixture
     • 4. First aid measures
     • 5. Firefighting measures
     • 6. Accidental release measures
     • 7. Handling and storage
     • 8. Exposure controls/personal protection
     • 9. Physical and chemical properties
     • 10. Stability and reactivity
     • 11. Toxicological
     • 12. Ecological information
     • (non mandatory)
     • 13. Disposal considerations
     • 14. Transport information
     • 15. Regulatory information
     • 16. Other information including information on preparation and revision of the SDS
118. Slide 118

     Locating Safety Data Sheets

     • Required at fixed facilities
     • Might be with shipping papers
     • Shipper/Manufacturer
     • CHEMTREC
     • LEPC
     • On-line or paper collections
119. Slide 119

     Clue 6: Senses

     • Vision
     • Colored clouds or fumes
     • Containers that are dented, punctured, or on their side
     • Hearing
     • Sirens/alarms
     • Chemical reactions occurring in containers (bubbles, popping, etc.)
     • Smell
     • Scent can be the first sign of a chemical leak/spill
120. Slide 120

     Summary

     • Occupancy/Location
     • Container/Vehicle Shapes
     • Placards, Labels, and Markings
     • Non-Transportation Markings and Colors
     • Written resources, Safety Data Sheets
     • Senses