Mobile Equipment Safety

The words on each slide as the author wrote them, read from the file by software so they can be searched. Layout, pictures and tables are not shown here: the slides above and the download are the original.

1. Slide 1

   Mobile Equipment

   • Pre/Post Operational
   • Examination
   • Training
2. Slide 2
   • Perform safety checks of heavy equipment before start of each shift. (Suggestions from Wayne State U.)
   • Walk fully around equipment and look for hazards
   • Inside cab remove trash, clean dirty windows, adjust mirrors, check fire extinguisher, turn on all exterior lights, make sure seatbelt is ready to use
   • Outside, check lights, tires, suspension, steering, fluid levels, exterior hoses and filters. Look for unguarded moving parts or other unsafe conditions
   • After starting engine, check gauges, warning lights and engine sounds
   • Before moving, warn people in the area, test equipment’s movements and make sure back up alarms can be heard
3. Slide 3

   Pre Operational Examination

   • Equipment operators should develop a “Zero Compromise” safety attitude. This means that they will not operate equipment that is not properly maintained.
   • An operator’s knowledge of the machine and the functions is directly proportional to his/her ability to safely operate the machine and to control it in an emergency.
4. Slide 4
   • Inspecting the workplace for potentially hazardous conditions is an important part of every equipment operator’s job.
   • This includes performing pre/post shift examination of their machine.
5. Slide 5
   • Using an equipment inspection system, will help the operator to make sure that the machine is mechanically sound and in safe operating conditions.
6. Slide 6

   You Should…

   • Perform a systematic pre-operational examination of the machine using a designated examination report form to record findings and comments.
7. Slide 7

   Prepare the Machine

8. Slide 8

   Accumulations of combustible materials

   • Unsafe condition
9. Slide 9

   Front and Rear

   • Brakes
   • Unsafe condition
10. Slide 10

    Tires-Wheels Front and Rear

11. Slide 11

    Steering System

12. Slide 12
    • Bed Pins
13. Slide 13

    Fifth Wheel

14. Slide 14

    Frame/Cross

    • Members
15. Slide 15
    • Safety Props/Catches
16. Slide 16
    • Air Supply Lines
17. Slide 17

    Engine

    • Compartment
18. Slide 18

    Engine

    • Compartment
19. Slide 19

    Guards

20. Slide 20

    Exhaust

    • Unsafe condition
21. Slide 21

    Battery

22. Slide 22

    Steps/Grab Rails

23. Slide 23

    Operators Cab

    • Poor Housekeeping
24. Slide 24
    • Mirrors
25. Slide 25

    Windshield Wipers

    • & Glass
26. Slide 26

    Examination of fire fighting equipment.

27. Slide 27

    Seat belts

28. Slide 28

    Electrical-

    • Mechanical
    • Retarder System
29. Slide 29

    Service Brake

30. Slide 30

    Park Brake

31. Slide 31

    Air Systems-

    • Proper Operation
32. Slide 32

    Horns and Backup

    • Alarms
33. Slide 33

    Steering

34. Slide 34

    Communications

35. Slide 35

    Blind Areas Around

    • Construction
    • Equipment
36. Slide 36

    Definition of Blind Area

    • A blind area is the area around a vehicle or piece of construction equipment that is not visable to the operators, either by direct line-of-sight or indirectly by use of internal and external mirrors.
37. Slide 43

    Eye level 10 feet - 0 in above ground level

    • 34’ 0”
    • 36’ 4”
    • 68’ 0”
    • 95’ 0”
    • Manlift
38. Slide 44

    Area of fully obstructed view Eye level 7 feet - 0 in above ground level

    • 25’ 5”
    • 17’ 8”
    • 15’ 9”
    • 10’ 0”
    • 3’ 0”
    • 16’ 4”
    • 27’ 2”
    • Hydraulic Crane
39. Slide 45

    Eye level 7 feet - 7 in above ground level

    • 8’ 4”
    • 29’ 1”
    • 9’ 1”
    • 7’ 7”
    • 18’ 5”
    • Tractor Backhoe
40. Slide 46

    Eye level 6 feet - 3 in above ground level

    • 16’ 0”
    • 8’ 2”
    • 8’ 2”
    • 3’ 10”
    • 12’ 5”
    • 12’ 1”
    • 18’ 7”
    • Bulldozer
41. Slide 47

    Eye level 10 feet - 0 in above ground level

    • 28’11”
    • 14’ 8”
    • 16’ 2”
    • 14’ 3”
    • 21’ 11”
    • 14’ 10”
    • Front End Loader
42. Slide 48

    Eye level 5 feet - 5 in above ground level

    • 11’ 7”
    • 11’ 5”
    • 21’ 8”
    • 4’ 10”
    • 6’ 1”
    • 3’ 1”
    • 6’ 3”
    • Bobcat/Skid
    • Steer
43. Slide 49

    Eye level 7 feet - 3 in above ground level

    • 85’ 0”
    • 18’ 2”
    • 10’ 9”
    • 7’ 9”
    • 3’ 0”
    • 39’ 0”
    • 21’ 2”
    • 14’ 10”
    • Terex
    • Telehandlers
44. Slide 50

    Eye level 6 feet above ground level

    • 8’ 6”
    • 3’ 1”
    • 3’ 8”
    • 5’ 7”
    • 3 Ton Forklift
45. Slide 51

    Eye level 7 feet - 1 in above ground level Area of fully obstructed view

    • 25’ 0”
    • 22’ 0”
    • 6’ 0”
    • 24’ 2”
    • 22’ 2”
    • 5 Ton Dump Truck
46. Slide 52

    Eye level 6 feet - 10 in above ground level

    • Area of fully obstructed view
    • 27’ 1”
    • 42’
    • 8” 40’
    • 6”
    • 6’ 5”
    • 36’ 8”
    • Tractor Trailer
47. Slide 53

    Struck By

48. Slide 54
    • How do these injuries and fatalities occur among vehicle operators? (McCann, J. Safety Research, 2006)
    • 63% involved operators falling or jumping from their vehicle and then being run over by it
    • Don’t jump, ride it out wearing your seat belt
    • Operators on foot who were struck by vehicles were run over by their own vehicle, mostly due to it being left in gear or failure to set brakes
49. Slide 55

    Rollovers caused nearly one-fourth of vehicle-related deaths!

    • Bulldozers and loaders caused nearly half of rollover deaths
    • Photo courtesy Robert
    • Carr
50. Slide 56

    How do rollovers occur?

    • (McCann, J. Safety Research, 2006)
    • 37% of rollovers involving operators occurred when a vehicle went over an embankment or slope.
    • Off-highway truck involved in fatality, courtesy of NIOSH
51. Slide 57

    How do rollovers occur?

    • (McCann, J. Safety Research, 2006)
    • 28% occurred while loading or unloading heavy equipment off trailer trucks
    • Photo courtesy Robert Carr
52. Slide 58

    How can we prevent rollovers while loading and unloading equipment?

    • Make sure the trailer is secure and on a level surface
    • Inspect the deck for debris, blocking or chains
    • Have a spotter help properly align the equipment up the ramps
    • Be sure equipment is properly secured
53. Slide 59

    Wearing a seat belt!

    • If a rollover occurs, what greatly improves your chances of surviving?
    • 23% of the fatalities weren’t wearing their seat belt
    • What level of the hierarchy of controls is this?
    • A buckled seat belt keeps the operator within the zone of protection of the Rollover
    • Protective Structure (ROPS). Courtesy CDC.
54. Slide 60

    What are the struck-by hazards of dumping trucks?

    • Trucks can become unstable with the boxes raised
    • If an end gate chain breaks, you could be covered in material (asphalt is 400° )
    • Beds must be lowered for maintenance or properly blocked
    • Truck that released two tons of hot asphalt on a driver inspecting the brakes.
    • Courtesy Kentucky FACE reports
55. Slide 62

    Lessons learned from fatalities for workers on foot

    • McCann
    • Journal of Safety Research
    • 2006
56. Slide 63

    Vehicles backing up caused 43% of struck-by vehicle deaths (McCann, J. Safety Research, 2006)

57. Slide 64

    How should we safely back up equipment?

    • Have audible back-up alarms
    • Have a spotter to direct the operator if visibility is restricted
    • Keep adequate clearance behind the vehicle
    • Always pay attention to backing equipment
    • Consider electronic signaling devices or sensors on vehicles to monitor workers
58. Slide 65

    For workers who were struck by objects…

    • 41% from vehicle parts like backhoe buckets
    • 38% from falling vehicle loads
    • 18% from vehicles falling onto workers in trenches
59. Slide 66

    Workers on foot

    • 20% of fatalities involved crane loads or crane booms
60. Slide 67

    Everyone must stay out from under all loads!

61. Slide 68

    What causes crane rollovers?

    • Soft ground
    • Inadequate outrigger support
    • Overload
    • Crane out of level
    • Booming out while swinging a load
    • Fatality caused by crane tip-over at library expansion project. (Photo courtesy of NIOSH and The Blade/Toledo Ohio)
62. Slide 69

    The swing radius on a crane should be marked

63. Slide 70

    Why is the worker on foot at risk of being struck by the equipment?

    • What is the right way to approach this loader?
64. Slide 71

    Why is a worker on foot at risk?

    • What is the right way to approach this backhoe?
65. Slide 72

    81% - the brakes were not set or the parts they were working on were not locked out

    • Conditions that contributed to the deaths of workers maintaining equipment? (McCann, J. Safety
    • Research 2006)
    • 19% - the vehicle was moved while being worked on
    • Unsafe condition
66. Slide 73

    How can we reduce risks during maintenance work?

    • Lockout/ tag-out before doing work
    • Set parking brake
    • Chock wheels
    • If engine must be on, work with 2 people
    • Block dump truck bed, following manufacturer’s recommendations
    • Dump body lock from fatality case
    • Unsafe conditions
    • What’s wrong with this?
    • Photo courtesy Laborers-AGC
67. Slide 74

    Dismantling equipment can be deadly

    • Actual photo of boom collapse during crane disassembly that killed master mechanic (courtesy NIOSH)
68. Slide 75

    Unsafe condition

    • Photo courtesy the Laborers-AGC Training Fund
69. Slide 76
    • On Thursday, April 21, 2005, a 22 year old contractor was fatally injured while repairing a Caterpillar 980 G front-end loader. The victim was working in the articulation area of the front-end loader when it unexpectedly pivoted, crushing the victim within the pinch point.
70. Slide 77
    • On May 27, 2004, a 37 year old truck driver with four years mining experience was fatally injured at a sand and gravel operation. The victim and two co-workers were dismantling a crusher for shipment to another mine site. A front-end loader, with a jib boom attachment, was being used to slightly lift the crusher discharge conveyor. During this operation, the conveyor support arm broke away from the fixed fastening base allowing the conveyor to suddenly swing upward. The victim, who was attempting to remove the pin from a support arm, was struck by a portion of the conveyor.
71. Slide 78
    • Unsafe Condition
72. Slide 79
    • Unsafe condition
73. Slide 82
    • Unsafe condition
74. Slide 84
    • Unsafe condition