Scaffolds (OSHA 10-Hour Construction Outreach)

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1. Slide 1

   Scaffolds

   • 10-Hour Construction Outreach
2. Slide 2

   Scaffolds

   • source: www.elcosh.org/NIOSH/John Rekus
3. Slide 3

   Scaffolds

   • Lesson Overview
   • Competent person
   • Basic types of scaffolds
   • Scaffold hazards
   • Methods of protecting against scaffold hazards
   • Employer requirements
   • NIOSH/John Rekus/elcosh.org
4. Slide 4

   Competent Person

   • Oversees assembly, disassembly, inspection, and safe use of scaffolds
   • Trains all employees who erect, disassemble, move, operate, repair, maintain, inspect, or work on scaffolds
   • Source: OSHA
5. Slide 5

   Competent Person

   • Process for designating an employee as the competent person:
   • Employer appointed
   • Capability to identify hazards
   • Executes qualified person design
   • Authority to take prompt corrective action
6. Slide 6

   Basic Types of Scaffolds

   • Suspended
   • Supported
   • Aerial lifts
7. Slide 7

   Hazards Associated with Scaffolds

   • Falls
   • Falling object(s)
   • Electrical hazards
   • Collapse hazards
   • Planking hazards
   • Weather conditions
   • Collisions or struck-by
   • Source: OSHA
8. Slide 8

   Reducing and Eliminating Hazards

   • Proper access
   • Guardrails
   • Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)
   • Protection from falling objects
   • Protection from electrical hazards
   • Precautions for moving scaffolds
   • Safe scaffold construction and disassembly
9. Slide 9

   Proper Access

   • Required when platforms are more than two feet above or below a point of access
   • Examples of permitted access - ladders, stair towers, ramps, walkways
   • Do not use crossbraces or unapproved ladder-like ends for access
10. Slide 10

    Guardrails

    • Must be installed on open sides and ends of scaffolds
    • If front edge (working edge) is more than 14 inches from work, guardrail and/or PFAS system must be used
11. Slide 11

    Guardrails

    • Toprails
    • Supported scaffolds manufactured or placed in service after 1/1/2000 must be 38-45” above platform
    • Midrails
    • When used
    • Halfway between toprail and scaffold platform
    • Crossbracing, when used as a toprail or midrail, must meet certain height requirements
12. Slide 12

    Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)

    • Components
    • Selection of fall protection
    • Engineering or qualified person design
    • When to inspect
    • Free-fall limit
    • Source: OSHA
13. Slide 13

    Protection From Falling Objects

    • Protection must be provided when there is potential of being struck by falling objects
    • Methods of protection
    • Barricades, toeboards, screens or paneling, canopy or mesh nets, placement of large, heavy objects
    • Source: OSHA
    • Wear a hardhat when working around or below scaffolds
14. Slide 14

    Protection From Electrical Hazards

    • Minimum distance based on voltage
    • Insulated lines
    • Uninsulated lines
    • When exceeding minimum distance as necessary to perform work, utility company must be notified to
    • De-energize or relocate line OR
    • Install protective coverings to prevent contact
    • Source: OSHA
15. Slide 15

    Moving Scaffolds

    • Workers may only be on moving scaffold when
    • Level ground surface
    • Height to width ratio
    • Outriggers installed on both sides
    • Standing inside the wheel base
    • Competent person onsite
    • Source: OSHA
16. Slide 16

    Safe Scaffold Construction and Disassembly

    • Appropriate scaffold construction methods
    • Provide proper scaffold access
    • Use a competent person
    • Manufacturers’ instructions
17. Slide 17

    Employer Requirements

    • Comply with OSHA standards related to scaffolds
    • Training
    • Inspection
    • Designating competent person
    • Comply with manufacturers’ requirements and recommendations
    • Follow plans designed by qualified person
18. Slide 18

    Scaffold Hazard Recognition

    • Identify hazards and solutions
    • Source: www.elcosh/org/OTI/Southwest Education Center
19. Slide 19

    Scaffold Hazard Recognition

    • Identify hazards and solutions
    • Source: www.elcosh/org/OTI/Southwest Education Center
20. Slide 20

    Scaffold Hazard Recognition

    • Identify hazards and solutions
    • Source: www.elcosh/org/OTI/Southwest Education Center
21. Slide 21

    Scaffold Hazard Recognition

    • Identify hazards and solutions
    • Source: www.elcosh/org/OTI/Southwest Education Center
22. Slide 22

    Scaffold Hazard Recognition

    • Identify hazards and solutions
    • Source: www.elcosh/org/OTI/Southwest Education Center
23. Slide 23

    Always Remember

    • Employers must
    • Designate a competent person for scaffold
    • Ensure that employees are trained in proper assembly, disassembly, and use of scaffolds
    • Utilize strategies to prevent and reduce scaffold hazards
    • www.elcosh.org/Steve Clark/Laborers
24. Slide 24

    Knowledge Check

    • 1. Who trains employees that work on scaffolds?
    • a. Employees do not need training
    • b. Employees are responsible for their own training
    • c. Fellow employees who have experience
    • d. Employer-designated competent person
25. Slide 25

    Knowledge Check

    • 2. Scaffolds must be designed by a ___.
    • a. Competent person
    • b. Construction site manager
    • c. Qualified person
    • d. Experienced scaffold worker
26. Slide 26

    Knowledge Check

    • 3. Which of the following is NOT an example of proper access?
    • a. Ladders
    • b. Crossbraces
    • c. Stair towers
    • d. Walkways