Personal Protective Equipment (OSHA 10-Hour General Industry Outreach)

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1. Slide 1

   Personal Protective

   • Equipment
   • 10-hour General Industry Outreach
   • Training
2. Slide 2

   Introduction

   • Source of photos: OSHA
3. Slide 3

   Introduction

   • Lesson objectives:
   • 1. Describe the hierarchy of controls as it relates to personal protective equipment.
   • 2. Identify types of personal protective equipment utilized in general industry.
   • 3. Explain personal protective equipment training requirements.
   • 4. Explain the employer responsibilities regarding personal protective equipment.
   • 5. Explain the employee responsibilities regarding personal protective equipment.
4. Slide 4

   Introduction

   • Employers must protect employees:
   • Assess the workplace
   • Eliminate and reduce the hazards found using engineering and administrative controls
   • Then use appropriate personal protective equipment
   • Remember, Personal Protective Equipment is the last level of control.
5. Slide 5

   Hierarchy of Controls

   • Source: OSHA
6. Slide 6

   Hierarchy of Controls

   • Elimination/substitution:
   • Highest level of protection
   • Eliminate hazard from the workplace
   • Substitute
   • Use safer item/substance
   • Use same chemical but in a different form; as particle size of a substance decreases, hazard level increases
   • Source: OTIEC Workgroup
7. Slide 7

   Hierarchy of Controls

   • Engineering controls:
   • Physical changes to workplace
   • Examples
   • Isolation
   • Ventilation
   • Equipment modification
   • Others
8. Slide 8

   Hierarchy of Controls

   • Administrative controls/work practice control:
   • Requires worker or employer to do something
   • Examples
   • Written proper operating procedures, work permits and safe work practices
   • Inspection and maintenance
   • Housekeeping
   • Monitoring the use of highly hazardous materials
   • Supervision
   • Training
   • Alarms, signs and warnings
   • Regulated areas
   • Limit exposure by time or distance
9. Slide 9

   Hierarchy of Controls

   • PPE controls:
   • Requires worker to wear something
   • Examples
   • Source of Photos: OSHA
10. Slide 10

    Head protection:

    • Frequent causes of head injuries
    • Falling objects from above striking on the head;
    • Bump head against fixed objects, such as exposed pipes or beams; or
    • Accidental head contact with electrical hazards.
    • Source: OSHA
11. Slide 11

    Why head protection is important…

    • Source: OSHA
12. Slide 12

    Classes of hard hats:

    • CLASS G (General)
    • Protect against impact, penetration
    • Low-voltage electrical protection (proof-tested to 2,200 volts)
    • Source of graphics: OSHA
13. Slide 13

    CLASS E (Electrical)

    • Designed for electrical/utility work
    • Protect against falling objects, impact
    • Electrical protection against high-voltage (proof-tested to 20,000 volts)
    • Source: OSHA
14. Slide 14

    CLASS C (Conductive)

    • Designed for comfort; offers limited protection
    • Protects heads that may bump against fixed objects
    • Does not protect against falling objects or electrical hazards
    • Source: OSHA
15. Slide 15

    ANSI Z89.1, 1997

    • Type I: provides protection from objects fall directly on top of the helmet, but not from objects that strike the side, front, or back of the head.
    • Type II: provides protection from strikes to the top of the head and also provides protection from blows to the sides, front, and back of the head. More suitable for workers who are not always in a standing position
    • Source of photos: OSHA
16. Slide 16

    Eye and face protection:

    • Source of images: OSHA
17. Slide 17

    Common causes of eye injuries

    • Chemical splashes
    • Blood or OPIM splashes or sprays
    • Intense light
    • Dust and other flying particles
    • Molten metal splashes
    • Source: OSHA
18. Slide 18

    Eye and face protection – must comply with

    • ANSI Z87.1-2003, or
    • ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998)
    • Source: OSHA
19. Slide 19

    Selecting eye and face protection – elements to consider:

    • Ability to protect against workplace hazards
    • Should fit properly
    • Should provide unrestricted vision and movement
    • Durable and cleanable
    • Allow unrestricted functioning of other PPE
20. Slide 20

    Safety glasses

    • Used to protect against moderate impacts from particles
    • Source of graphics: OSHA
21. Slide 21

    Prescription glasses

    • Employees who use prescription glasses while performing operations with potential eye hazards must use eye protection that:
    • Source: OSHA
    • Incorporates the prescription in its design, or
    • Can be used over your prescription glasses without interfering with the proper positioning of the prescription glasses or goggles
22. Slide 22

    Goggles

    • Protect eyes, and the facial area immediately surrounding the eyes from impact, dust, splashes.
    • Some can be used over corrective lenses, if they fit them.
    • Source: OSHA
23. Slide 23

    Goggle types

    • Direct-ventilated
    • Indirect-ventilated
    • Resist direct passage • Prevents fogging by allowing air
    • of large particles into
    • circulation
    • the goggle
    • Prevents fogging by allowing air circulation
    • Protects against liquid or chemical splash entry
    • Source: OSHA.gov
    • Non-ventilated
    • Does not allow the passage of air into the goggle
    • Prevents splash entry
    • May fog and require frequent lens cleaning
24. Slide 24

    Face shields

    • Protect face from nuisance dusts and potential splashes or sprays of hazardous liquids
    • Shields do not protect from impact hazards unless so rated
    • Shields are for face protection, not eye protection. To protect the eyes, wear safety glasses with side shields, or goggles under the face shield.
    • Source: OSHA
25. Slide 25

    Welding shields

    • Protect eyes from burns caused by:
    • Infared light
    • Intense radiant light
    • Protect eyes and face from flying sparks, metal spatter, and slag chips
    • Source of photos: OSHA
26. Slide 26

    Laser safety goggles

    • Provide protection from hazards:
    • physical contact such as flying particles
    • ultraviolet light, laser, and welding
    • Source: OSHA
27. Slide 27

    Respiratory protection:

    • Source of photos: OSHA
28. Slide 28

    Elimination/substitution or Engineering controls

    • Eliminate toxic material or substitute a less toxic material
    • Enclose or confine operation
    • General or local exhaust ventilation
    • Only when engineering controls are not feasible, will respirators be used
    • Source: OSHA
29. Slide 29

    Types of respirators

    • Air-Purifying (APR) – remove contaminants from air
    • Particulate respirators
    • Chemical cartridge/ gas mask respirator
    • Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR)
    • Source of photos: OSHA
30. Slide 30

    Atmosphere-Supplying – provide clean, breathable air

    • Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
    • Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR)
    • Source of photos: OSHA
31. Slide 31

    Medical evaluation

    • Before fit tests are conducted and employee is authorized the use of a respirator, a medical evaluation must be provide to determine the ability of the employee to use a respirator.
    • Identify a physician or other license health care professional (PLHCP) to perform medical evaluations using a medical questionnaire or an initial medical evaluation with which the same information is obtained.
32. Slide 32

    Inspecting and cleaning respirators

    • Inspect all respirators for wear and tear before and after each use
    • Wash in a detergent solution; then, disinfect by immersing in a sanitizing solution
    • Source of photos: Carmen Vazquez
33. Slide 33

    Storing respirators

    • Protect against dust, sunlight, heat, extreme cold, excessive moisture, and damaging chemicals
    • Store in position to retain natural configuration
    • Source of photos: Carmen Vazquez
34. Slide 34

    Hearing protection:

    • Source of photos: OSHA
35. Slide 35

    Exposure to noise levels over 85 dB can cause hearing loss

    • Hearing protection required at 90 dB
    • Implement effective Hearing Conservation Program
    • Source: OSHA
36. Slide 36
    • The employer must provide ear protection when the noise level in the work area is greater than indicated in this table.
    • Source: NIOSH
    • Permissible Noise Exposure
    • 29 CFR 1910.95(b)(1)
    • Duration per
    • Day (hours)
    • Sound Level
    • (dBA)
    • Impact noise should not exceed 140 dB
37. Slide 37

    Examples of hearing protection:

    • Disposable foam plugs
    • Molded ear plugs
    • Noise-cancelling ear plugs
    • Ear muffs
    • Source of photos: OSHA
    • Consider Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) of devices
    • NIOSH/John Rekus/elcosh.org
38. Slide 38

    Types of PPE

    • How to insert ear plugs properly
    • Source: NIOSH
39. Slide 39

    Hand protection:

    • Potential hazards for hands
    • Skin absorption of hazardous substances
    • Lacerations or severe cuts
    • Punctures
    • Chemical burns
    • Thermal burns
    • Extreme temperatures
    • Source of photos: OSHA
40. Slide 40

    Types of gloves

    • Anti-vibration
    • Permeation-resistant
    • Chemical-resistant
    • Heat-resistant
    • Leather Palm
    • Cut-resistant
    • Source of photos: OSHA
41. Slide 41

    Foot and leg protection:

    • Causes of foot injuries:
    • Falling or rolling of heavy objects
    • Crushing or penetrating materials
    • Sharp objects that can penetrate the sole
    • Exposure to molten metal
    • Working on, or around, hot, wet, or slippery surfaces
    • Working when electrical hazards are present.
    • Source: OSHA
42. Slide 42

    Conditions requiring foot protection

    • Impacts
    • Compressions
    • Cuts/punctures
    • Chemicals
    • Temperatures
    • Source: OSHA
43. Slide 43

    Examples of foot and leg protection

    • Impact-resistant toe and/or instep
    • Steel
    • Composite
    • Heat-resistant soles
    • Metal shanks
    • Specialty footwear may be needed
    • Metatarsal guards
    • Liquid- or chemical-resistant
    • Conductive or nonconductive
    • Source of photos: OSHA
44. Slide 44

    Protective footwear must comply with any of the following consensus standards:

    • ANSI Z41.1 – 1991 - "American National Standard for Personal Protection -- Protective Footwear,"
    • ASTM F-2412 – 2005 – “ Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection”
    • ASTM F-2413 – 2005 –
    • “Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective Footwear”
    • Source: OSHA
45. Slide 45

    Protection from hazards

    • Shoes with metal toe-cap protects against knocks, falling objects
    • Rubber shoes protect against chemical materials, as directed by the SDS
    • Source of photos: OSHA
46. Slide 46

    Body protection – protective clothing:

    • Source of photos: OSHA
47. Slide 47

    Provide protective clothing for those parts of the body exposed to possible injuries

    • Types of body protection
    • Laboratory coats
    • Coveralls
    • Vests
    • Jackets
    • Aprons
    • Surgical gowns
    • Full-body suits
    • Source of photos: OSHA
48. Slide 48

    Selection of body protection

    • variety of materials effective against particular hazard
    • Paper-like fiber – dust and splashes
    • Treated wool and cotton – fire-resistant; dust, abrasions, rough/irritating surfaces
    • Duck – cuts, bruises
    • Leather – dry heat, flames
    • Rubber, rubberized fabrics, neoprene, and plastics – certain chemicals and physical hazards
    • Source of photos: OSHA
49. Slide 49

    Protective clothing is required for HAZWOPER activities

    • EPA’s levels of PPE
    • Level A
    • Provides highest level of protection
    • Required when greatest potential for exposure exists and greatest level of skin, respiratory, and eye protection is required
    • Examples
    • Positive pressure, full facepiece SCBA, or positive pressure supplied air respirator with escape SCBA
    • Totally encapsulated chemical- and vapor-protective suit
    • Inner and outer chemical-resistant gloves
    • Disposable protective suit, gloves, and boots
50. Slide 50

    Level B

    • Required for highest level of respiratory protection and lesser level of skin protection
    • Examples
    • Positive pressure, full facepiece SCBA, or positive pressure supplied air respirator with escape SCBA
    • Inner and outer chemical-resistant gloves
    • Face shield
    • Hooded chemical-resistant clothing
    • Coveralls
    • Outer chemical-resistant boots
51. Slide 51

    Level C

    • Required when concentration and type of airborne substances are known and criteria for using APR is met
    • Examples
    • Full-face air-purifying respirators
    • Inner and outer chemical-resistant gloves
    • Hard hat
    • Escape mask
    • Disposable chemical-resistant outer boots
52. Slide 52

    Level D

    • Required when minimum protection is needed
    • Sufficient when no contaminants are present or work operations preclude splashes, immersion, or potential for unexpected inhalation or contact
    • Examples
    • Gloves
    • Coveralls
    • Safety glasses
    • Face shield
    • Chemical-resistant, steel-toe boots or shoes
53. Slide 53

    Training

    • Training requirements:
    • Each employee who is required to use PPE must be trained to know:
    • When PPE is necessary
    • What PPE is necessary
    • How to properly put on, take off, adjust, and wear the PPE
    • The limitation of the PPE
    • Proper care, maintenance, useful life, and disposal of PPE
54. Slide 54

    Responsibilities

    • The employer is required to:
    • Perform hazard assessment
    • Provide appropriate PPE
    • Train employees
    • Maintain/replace PPE
    • Review/update/evaluate PPE Program
55. Slide 55

    Responsibilities

    • The employer is required to pay for PPE used to comply with OSHA standards
    • Examples
    • Metatarsal foot protection
    • Rubber boots with steel toes
    • Non-prescription eye protection
    • Prescription eyewear inserts/lenses for full face respirators
    • Goggles and face shields
    • Fire fighting PPE
    • Hard hats
    • Hearing protection
    • Welding PPE
56. Slide 56

    Responsibilities

    • Employer payment exemptions
    • Non-specialty safety-toe protective footwear and non-specialty prescription safety eyewear
    • Everyday clothing
    • Ordinary clothing, skin creams, or other items, used solely for protection from weather
    • Consumer safety items worn by food workers
    • Lifting belts
    • When employee lost or intentionally damaged PPE
57. Slide 57

    Responsibilities

    • The employee is required to:
    • Properly wear PPE
    • Attend PPE training
    • Care for, clean, and maintain PPE
    • Inform supervisor of needs for repair/replacement
    • Source: OSHA
58. Slide 58

    Knowledge Check

    • 1. Common causes of foot injuries include: crushing, penetration, molten metal, chemicals, slippery surfaces, and sharp objects.
    • a. True
    • b. False
    • Answer: a. True
59. Slide 59

    Knowledge Check

    • 2. Who is responsible for providing PPE needed to comply with OSHA standards?
    • a. The employee
    • b. OSHA
    • c. The Employer
    • d. Workers’ Compensation
    • Answer: c. The Employer
60. Slide 60

    Knowledge Check

    • 3. Hazard controls must be addressed in which order of priority?
    • a. Substitution, PPE, workaround, and administrative
    • b. Workaround, stop work, PPE, and engineering
    • c. Stop work, PPE, engineering, and substitution
    • d. Substitution, engineering, administrative, and PPE
    • Answer: d. Substitution, engineering, administrative, and PPE
61. Slide 61

    Knowledge Check

    • 4. Which type of hard hat would provide the most protection from electrical hazards?
    • a. Class A
    • b. Class C
    • c. Class E
    • d. Class G
    • Answer: c. Class E
62. Slide 62

    Knowledge Check

    • 5. Hearing protection is required when noise levels exceed OSHA’s PEL of __ dBA as a TWA.
    • a. 80
    • b. 90
    • c. 100
    • d. 110
    • Answer: b. 90 dBAs
63. Slide 63

    Knowledge Check

    • 6. Who is responsible for providing specialized work footwear?
    • a. Insurance companies
    • b. The employee
    • c. OSHA
    • d. The employer
    • Answer: d. The employer
64. Slide 64

    Knowledge Check

    • 7. Which of the following is considered approved eye protection?
    • a. Sun glasses
    • b. Prescription glasses
    • c. Reading glasses
    • d. Glasses meeting ANSI standard Z87
    • Answer: d. Glasses meeting
    • ANSI standard Z87
65. Slide 65

    Knowledge Check

    • 8. Which of the following is NOT considered PPE?
    • a. Rubber gloves
    • b. Glasses meeting ANSI standard Z87
    • c. Sports shoes
    • d. Hearing muffs
    • Answer: c. Sports shoes