Module 3 – Worksite Analysis

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1. Slide 1

   Safet y & Healt h M anagement

   • Syst em Training
   • Lesson 3 – Worksit e Analysis
2. Slide 2

   Safet y Health M anagement Syst em (SHM S) Webinar Series

   • In this series of webinars developed under the Susan Harwood Grant, you will learn:
   • Lesson 1 - OSHA and the Importance of Having a Safety Health Managem ent System (SHMS)
   • Lesson 2 – Management Com mitm ent & Leadership
   • Lesson 3 – Worksit e Analysis
   • Lesson 4 – Hazard Prevention & Control
   • Lesson 5 – Safety & Health Training
3. Slide 3

   Lesson 3 Cont ent s

   • 1. Objectives
   • 2. Accident Investigation
   • 3. Self-Inspection
   • 4. Comprehensive Survey
   • 5. Legal Requirements
   • 6. Job Hazard Analysis
4. Slide 4

   Object ives

   • Learn the four methods of worksite analysis:
   • Accident/ Investigation System
   • Routine self-inspections
   • Com prehensive Surveys
   • Job Hazard Analysis, or Other Pre-Use Analysis
   • Learn how to eff ectively conduct each method within your organization.
5. Slide 5

   Poll Quest ion #1

6. Slide 6

   Accident I nvest igat ion

   • Accident is defined as an unplanned event that results in personal injury or property dam age.
   • Accident is an indication of a deficiency in the SHMS.
7. Slide 7

   Accident I nvest igat ion

   • Incident
   • An unplanned event that does not result in personal injury but may result in property dam age or is worthy of recording.
   • Near-Miss
   • An event that does not result in an injury or dam age. It is im portant to record and investigate near-m isses to identify weaknesses in the SHMS that could possibly lead to an injury or damage.
8. Slide 8

   Accident I nvest igat ion

   • The primary goals of an accident investigation are:
   • To identify the root cause of the accident or incident
   • To prevent the accident or incident from occurring again.
   • Accident investigations and reports help identify these deficiencies.
   • Must be conducted and written according to your organization's established documented procedures.
9. Slide 9

   Accident I nvest igat ion

   • The investigation process is "fact-finding" not "fault-finding". Not to place blame.
   • When interviewing witnesses, ask open-ended questions, listen carefully and be courteous.
   • For more guidance on accident investigation, visit the OSHA website – Accident Investigation.
10. Slide 10

    Accident I nvest igat ion

    • Accident history records
    • Another way to discover potential workplace hazards.
    • Helps you identify past trends.
    • To establish focused interventions that will prevent similar accidents from re-occurring.
    • Also known as loss reports/runs.
11. Slide 11

    Accident I nvest igat ion

    • Elements of an accident investigation.
    • A documented procedure is in place when an em ployee reports an accident, incident or near miss.
    • Procedures include instructions for m edical treatm ent of em ployees for all shifts.
    • Em ployees are trained to report accidents im m ediately to their imm ediate supervisor.
    • The investigation process m ay include a team of em ployees to ensure that the root cause of the accident or incident is identified.
12. Slide 12

    Poll Quest ion #2

13. Slide 13

    Poll Quest ion #3

14. Slide 14

    Accident I nvest igat ion Exercise 1

    • Identify Cause of CHC Accident
    • Jim South, the Sales Manager at CHC, was in his office when he received a phone call from Mark Rebell. Mark reported that his hand had been injured and that he needed m edical attention. He told Jim that he had been walking onto a job site while calling a client on his cell phone. He failed to notice a pile of debris stored near the sidewalk and accidentally tripped on a broken piece of pallet. He put his hands out to stop his fall and his right hand landed on a corner of the broken pallet, slicing a deep cut into his hand. He wanted to know what he should do next.
15. Slide 15

    Accident I nvest igat ion Exercise 1 Answers

    • Question 1
    • Answer:
    • Jim South should im mediately arrange proper medical care for Mark. While the injury is not life-threatening, it should be evaluated to determ ine if sutures are needed.
    • Question 2
    • Answer:
    • Absolutely. This injury may very likely require sutures, which would m ake it be recordable on the OSHA Form 300 (discussed on next page). In addition, the root cause of the accident should be identified so that future, sim ilar accidents can be prevented.
16. Slide 16

    Accident I nvest igat ion Exercise 1 Answers

    • Question 3
    • Answer:
    • Root causes of the accident were: (1) inappropriate storage of debris near sidewalk used by employees to access the job site (poor housekeeping) and (2) distraction of employee as he dialed his cell phone.
    • Preventive measures include (1) an action plan for comm unicating the im portance of contractor housekeeping at all job sites, (2) routine inspection of all job sites for im proper storage of debris and (3) prohibition against use of cell phones on job sites unless em ployees are in a safe place.
17. Slide 17

    Self I nspection

    • Reviewing injury and accident data is important, but visually inspecting your facility is the only way to know for sure if hazardous conditions are:
    • Present
    • To determ ine if they are adequately being controlled.
    • Self-inspections should be conducted on a regular basis because conditions can change.
18. Slide 18

    Self I nspection

    • Self-inspections prom ote em ployee participation by getting m any em ployees involved.
    • Those who conduct self-inspections can include, but are not lim ited to:
    • Top managem ent, m embers of safety comm ittees, departmental employees and safety and health staff .
    • Rotating the em ployees who participate on the inspection team allows m ore em ployees to becom e involved with the SHMS.
19. Slide 19

    Poll Quest ion #4

20. Slide 20

    Self I nspection – What are you looking for?

    • Keep areas for pot ent ial hazards in mind when inspect ing the following:
    • Housekeeping
    • Cleanliness of work area; leakage or spillage; and cleaning methods
    • Building Conditions
    • Exit lights functional; exits, stairs, and aisles free of obstruction
21. Slide 21

    Self I nspection

    • Electricity
    • Electrical circuits labeled and unused openings closed.
    • Machinery
    • Eff ective guarding of point of operation; and Lockout/tag out
    • Chemicals
    • Proper storage and labeling; and protective equipm ent available and used properly.
22. Slide 22

    Self I nspection

    • Fire Protection
    • Fire extinguishers free of obstruction; fire alarms and sprinklers functional; and evacuations routes posted.
    • Material Handling
    • Forklifts, cranes, and hoists properly inspected and operated.
    • Personal Protective Equipment
    • PPE is available and maintained properly; and proper use of PPE.
23. Slide 23

    Self I nspection

    • Personnel
    • Proper use of equipm ent; and safe work practices.
    • Examples of Self-Inspection Checklists
    • OSHA Checklist
    • OSHA Handbook for small businesses - Provides a good overview of self-inspection techniques. (See
    • p. 24 for Checklist.)
    • General Safety Audit Checklist (Word Format)
24. Slide 24

    Self I nspection - Assignment

    • Below are ideas t o consider when conduct ing your self-inspection:
    • Train your em ployees on how to identify hazards prior to starting the self-inspection.
    • Develop and utilize helpful checklists so that you don't forget anything when you're conducting the walk-through. Add
    • extra blank spaces so that you can fill in item s that are not yet included on the checklist. Later, you can m odify your checklist to accom m odate your particular workplace.
    • Wear necessary PPE that m ay be defined by your
    • organization. The safety inspection team should not be violating safety policies!
    • Have necessary tools such as a tape m easure, cam era or electrical m easuring devices to perform quick m easurem ents
    • of the workplace conditions.
    • Don't forget to com m unicate and distribute the results of the com pleted self-inspection to appropriate departm ents.
    • Sim ilarly, don't forget to assign responsibilities and due dates
    • for com pleting corrective actions.
25. Slide 25

    Comprehensive Survey

    • A comprehensive survey: thorough investigation of the specific hazards in work environm ent.
    • Investigates possible harm ful conditions, conducts scientific m easurem ents to determ ine potential personnel exposure, and helps to identify legal requirem ents where necessary.
    • Diff erent from a self-inspection in that it system atically identifies and docum ents com m on hazards com m on to your work environm ent
26. Slide 26

    Comprehensive Survey

    • Com parison of Results: Com prehensive Survey vs. Self-Inspection
    • Com prehensive Survey
    • Self-Inspection
    • Asbest os ceiling tiles are present in the building being renovated. Develop a plan to ensure compliance with the OSHA Asbestos standard 29 CFR 1910.1001, which includes but is not limited to: employee training, installation of signs and Labels, and personal protective equipment.
    • The asbestos sign has been removed and must be replaced.
    • The compressor room is a high noise area. Conduct sound level monitoring in the area to determine if employees must wear hearing protection when entering or working in the room according to the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.95.
    • The box of hearing protection is empty and needs to be replaced.
27. Slide 27

    Comprehensive Survey

    • A com prehensive survey should be performed by professionals trained in occupational safety and health, industrial hygiene, ergonomics, or other specific areas.
    • Your workers' compensation insurance carrier, private safety consultants, or even your local OSHA consultation office may be able to serve as resources.
28. Slide 28

    Poll Quest ion #5

29. Slide 29

    Legal Requirement s

    • Purpose of your comprehensive survey is to identify and understand the legal requirements with which you must comply
30. Slide 30

    Legal Requirement s

    • According to the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act:
    • em ployers are subject to the General Duty Clause at Section 5(a)(1),
    • Em ployer shall furnish to each of his employees em ploym ent and a place of em ploym ent which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his em ployees.
31. Slide 31

    Legal Requirement s

    • States are allowed to develop their own OSH plans but they must establish standards that are at least as stringent as those of federal OSHA.
    • To determine if your state has its own plan with which you must comply, see State Occupational Safety and Health Plans (OSHA website).
32. Slide 32

    Legal Requirement s

    • Legal requirements are grouped into these categories:
    • Industrial Hygiene
    • Workplace Conditions
    • Em ergency Planning
    • We will indicate whether or not the standards associated with the hazards in each category require a written program or training.
33. Slide 33

    Legal Requirement s

    • Keep in m ind that this section is not exhaustive—m any hazards are not covered. What follows are the m ost com m only found hazards in general industry.
34. Slide 34

    Poll Quest ion #6

35. Slide 35

    Legal Requirement s

    • Industrial Hygiene – Chemical Hazards
    • Do your em ployees handle chem icals or dusty m aterials in your workplace?
    • If so, it is your responsibility to provide inform ation on these hazards and to determ ine if your em ployees' exposure exceeds permissible levels.
36. Slide 36

    Poll Quest ion #7

37. Slide 37

    Legal Requirement s

    • Industrial Hygiene – Other Hazards
    • Are your em ployees exposed to loud noise, repetitive m otions or bloodborne pathogens? If so, it is your responsibility to provide information on these hazards and to determ ine if the exposure to your em ployees exceeds acceptable levels
38. Slide 38

    Legal Requirement s

    • Bloodborne Pat hogens (BBP)
    • Pathogenic m icroorganism s that are present in hum an blood and can cause disease in hum ans. These pathogens include, but are not lim ited to, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hum an
    • Im m unodeficiency Virus (HIV).
    • Ot her Potentially I nfect ious M aterials (OPI M )
    • The following fluids: sem en, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, am niotic fluid, saliva in dental procedures, any body fluid that is visibly contam inated with blood, and all body fluids in situations where it is difficult or im possible to diff erentiate between body fluids
39. Slide 39

    Poll Quest ion #8

40. Slide 40

    Poll Quest ion #9

41. Slide 41

    Legal Requirement s

    • Emergency Planning
    • OSHA requires you to develop written emergency plans and to train your em ployees appropriately in case of em ergencies, such as fires, chemical spills, m edical em ergencies and weather events.
    • Exit Routes
    • Em ergency Action
    • Fire Safety
    • Medical and First Aid
42. Slide 42

    Legal Requirement s

    • Required Written Programs and Plans
    • Following your comprehensive survey, you may be subject to developing and implementing some written programs.
    • A written program documents how your company will comply with the legal requirement, and OSHA will request to see them if your facility is inspected.
43. Slide 43

    Legal Requirement s

    • OSHA has tem plates for some written plans and programs that you may customize for your specific worksite (check your state too).
    • The following list of plans and programs are often im plemented by small businesses (not an exhaustive list).
44. Slide 44

    Legal Requirement s

    • Bloodborne Pathogen (BBP) Exposure Control Plan
    • Chemical Hygiene Plan
    • Confined Space Entry
    • Emergency Action Plan
    • Hazard Com munication Program
    • Lockout/Tagout - Mechanical and/or Electrical
    • PPE Hazard Assessments
    • Respiratory Protection Program
45. Slide 45

    Legal Requirement s

    • The following plans are not required to be written but are certainly recommended:
    • Forklift Safety
    • Hearing Conservation
    • Hot Work Perm it (required for Process Safety Managem ent)
    • Tem plates: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/com pliance_assis tance/sam pleprogram s.htm l
46. Slide 46

    Poll Quest ion #10

47. Slide 47

    Job Hazard Analysis

    • Job Hazard Analysis (or JHA) is a valuable technique, utilized in companies of all sizes, to routinely examine and analyze safety and health hazards associated with individual jobs or processes.
    • Note: Som e companies use the terms "Job Safety Analysis" and "JSA" instead of "Job Hazard Analysis".
48. Slide 48

    Job Hazard Analysis

    • JHA can be used to identify, analyze and record:
    • the steps involved in perform ing a specific job.
    • the existing or potential safety and health hazards associated with each step.
    • the recom m ended action(s) / procedure(s) that will elim inate or reduce these hazards and the risk of a workplace injury or illness.
49. Slide 49

    Job Hazard Analysis

    • JHA is useful for jobs that have high injury and illness rates.
    • Jobs with the potential to cause severe or disabling injuries.
    • Jobs that are new to your operation, or complex jobs that require written instructions.
50. Slide 50

    Job Hazard Analysis

    • Tip: How to start a JHA
    • Select the job to be analyzed.
    • Define the specific steps or tasks to do the job.
    • Define the hazards associated with each task.
    • Make recom mendations to m inimize or eliminate the hazard.
    • When conducting a JHA, involve employees whose jobs or tasks are being analyzed.
51. Slide 51

    Job Hazard Analysis – Exercise 1

    • Conduct a Job Hazard Analysis
    • To give you practice conducting a JHA, do one for changing the oil in your car.
    • Identify the steps or tasks in changing the oil in your car.
    • For each task, identify the associated hazards and then make recommendations to minimize or eliminate the hazard.
52. Slide 52

    Job Hazard Analysis – Assignment

    • Rem em ber to involve your em ployees when conducting a JHA at your workplace.
    • Review your accident history or jobs that are complex to identify jobs that will benefit from a JHA.
    • Develop a team of em ployees and/or Supervisors to conduct the JHA and provide training prior to starting the JHA.
    • Outline the job into specific tasks or steps. It m ay be helpful to observe or videotape the job being analyzed to ensure all tasks or steps are included.
    • Develop and utilize your own form to record the JHA.
53. Slide 53

    Conclusion

    • This is the end of Lesson 3, please take the post-test and complete the lesson evaluation form.
    • Sign up for Lesson 4 and subsequent lessons.
    • In order to get your certificate of com pletion for this series, you must complete all 5 lessons.
54. Slide 54
    • This course, funded by an OSHA-sponsored Susan Har wood grant, is designed to assist small and m edium sized businesses in developing and implem enting an eff ective safety and health m anagem ent system .
    • This m aterial was produced under grant SH-17814-08- 60-F-24 from the Occupational Safety Health
    • Adm inistration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Departm ent of Labor, nor does mention of trade nam es, com m ercial products, or organizations im ply endorsem ent by the U.S. Governm ent.
55. Slide 55

    Legal Requirement s – Reference

    • Specifi c OSHA St andards and Legal Requirements
56. Slide 56

    Legal Requirement s

    • Industrial Hygiene – Chemical Hazards
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.1200.
    • Hazard Communication standards ensure that the hazards of chem icals are evaluated and that this inform ation is com m unicated to employers and em ployees.
    • Requires the em ployer to provide chemical labeling, MSDS and em ployee training.
    • Writt en Program Required? Yes. Hazard Com m unication Program.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training and when a new hazard is introduced
    • For M ore I nfo: Hazard Comm unication (OSHA site).
57. Slide 57

    Legal Requirement s

    • Air Contaminants for Toxic and Hazardous Substances
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.1000.
    • If you have hazardous chem icals in the workplace, you m ust determ ine if there is a legal lim it of exposure that is allowed for your employees and if the levels in your workplace exceed the legal limit. There are 3 tables in 29 CFR 1910.1000 that list legally enforceable lim its for chem ical exposure:
    • Table Z-1 - Lim its for Air Contam inants
    • Table Z-2 - Toxic and Hazardous Substances
    • Table Z-3 - Mineral Dusts
58. Slide 58

    Legal Requirement s

    • Written Program Required? No, but you must document any air monitoring results, even if the monitoring reports that there is no employee exposure.
    • Training Required? No.
    • For M ore I nfo: Hazardous & Toxic Substances (OSHA site).
59. Slide 59

    Legal Requirement s

    • Hazardous Chemicals in laboratories
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.1450.
    • If you have laboratories in your facility where you handle hazardous chemicals, you m ay be subject to the regulations of this standard.
    • Writt en Program Required? Yes. Chemical Hygiene Plan
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training and when a new hazard is introduced.
    • For M ore I nfo: Laboratories (OSHA site)
60. Slide 60

    Legal Requirement s

    • Process Safety Managem ent of Highly Hazardous Chem icals
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.119.
    • If your com pany handles or stores highly hazardous chem icals in a quantity that exceeds the threshold quantity that is defined in this OSHA standard, you m ay be subject to im plem enting a Process Safety Managem ent (PSM) Program . This is a com prehensive program that is designed to prevent catastrophic releases of highly hazardous chem icals.
    • Writ ten Program Required? Yes. This standard actually requires several written docum ents such as written process safety inform ation, process hazard analysis, written operating procedures, and m ore.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training and when m odifications are m ade to the system . If your em ployees respond to em ergency releases of hazardous chem icals, initial and annual refresher training is required.
61. Slide 61

    Legal Requirement s

    • Noise
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.95.
    • You m ust provide protection against the eff ects of noise exposure when the sound levels exceed those indicated by the OSHA standard. Hearing loss can occur if em ployees are exposed to continuous or interm ittent loud noise. If noise levels exceed 85 dBA over a tim e-weighted average of 8 hours, a hearing conservation program m ust be im plem ented that includes engineering and adm inistrative controls, hearing protection, audiom etric testing and training.
    • Writ ten Program Required? No. A written hearing conservation program is not required, although you m ust docum ent sound level m onitoring results and em ployee audiom etric testing. It is certainly beneficial to develop a written program even though it is not required.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial and annual training for em ployees in the hearing conservation program
    • For M ore I nfo: Noise & Hearing Conservation (OSHA site).
62. Slide 62

    Legal Requirement s

    • Ergonomics
    • OSHA STD: None.
    • While there is currently no OSHA Ergonom ics standard, OSHA recognizes the value of im plem enting ergonom ics programs to prevent m usculoskeletal disorders as well as increase em ployee comfort and productivity.
    • Training Required? No, not required but certainly recom m ended.
    • For M ore I nfo: OSHA has developed num erous industry guidelines and other resources to assist you.
    • See Ergonom ics website.
63. Slide 63

    Legal Requirement s

    • Bloodborne Pathogens
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.1030.
    • If your em ployees have exposure or potential exposure to blood, bloodborne pathogens or other potentially infectious m aterials, OSHA requires you to im plem ent an Exposure Cont rol Plan. Jobs where this potential exposure m ay occur include but are not lim ited to: healthcare professionals (nurses, doctors, surgeons, dentists, etc.), m orticians, lifeguards, tattoo and body piercing.
    • Writ ten Program Required? Yes. Exposure Control Plan.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial and annual training.
    • For M ore I nfo: See Bloodborne Pathogens and Needlestick P revention (OSHA website)
64. Slide 64

    Legal Requirement s

    • PPE Hazard Assessm ent
    • OSHA STD: OSHA website for PPE Standards.
    • You must assess the hazards in the workplace and properly select the PPE for the hazard and document this in a written PPE Hazard Assessment (see links to sam ple form below). Employees must be trained on how to use, maintain and replace worn PPE.
    • Written Program Required? Yes. The PPE Hazard Assessment shall have a written certification.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training on how to properly wear and m aintain the PPE
65. Slide 65

    Legal Requirement s

    • Industrial Hygiene – PPE
    • To protect em ployees against environm ental hazards, you must provide personal protective equipm ent (PPE).
    • Eye /Face Protection - OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.133.
    • Eye and face protection shall be provided when em ployees are exposed to hazards such as flying particles, m olten metal or liquid chem icals. Exam ples of eye and face protection include safety glasses, goggles and face shields.
    • Writ ten Program Required? Yes, included in the PPE Hazard Assessm ent.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training on how to properly wear and m aintain the eye and face protection.
66. Slide 66

    Legal Requirement s

    • Respiratory Protection
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.134.
    • Respirators shall be provided when necessary to protect the health of your em ployees against atm ospheric contam ination such as harm ful dusts, fum es, m ists, gases, or vapors. Exam ples of respiratory protection include dust masks, cartridge respirators and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
    • Writt en Program Required? Yes, Respiratory Protection Program .
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training; refresher training is required annually and when a new hazard is introduced.
67. Slide 67

    Legal Requirement s

    • Head Protection
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.135.
    • Head protection is required when working in areas where there is a potential for injury to the head from falling objects. Exam ples of head protection are hard hats and bum p caps.
    • Writt en Program Required? Yes, included in the PPE Hazard Assessm ent.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training on how to properly wear and m aintain the head protection.
68. Slide 68

    Legal Requirement s

    • Foot Protection
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.136.
    • Foot protection is required when working in areas where there is a danger of foot injuries. Steel-toed safety shoes are an example of foot protection.
    • Writt en Program Required? Yes, included in the PPE Hazard Assessm ent.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training on how to properly wear and m aintain the foot protection.
69. Slide 69

    Legal Requirement s

    • Hand / Body Protection
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.138.
    • Hand and body protection is required when em ployees are exposed to hazards such as harm ful substances, severe cuts or lacerations, chem ical or therm al burns, or harm ful tem perature extrem es. Exam ples of hand protection include gloves and gauntlets.
    • Writt en Program Required? Yes, included in the PPE Hazard Assessm ent.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training on how to properly wear and m aintain the hand and/or body protection.
70. Slide 70

    Legal Requirement s

    • Work place conditions - What process-related hazards are present in your workplace?
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.22 - 1910.30.
    • Walking / Working Surfaces - Your workplace should be designed to prevent em ployee slips, trips or falls. This includes your housekeeping practices, the protection provided for floor and wall openings, and the use and design of stairs, ladders, platform s, and other walking or working surfaces.
    • Writt en Program Required? No.
    • Training Required? Not specifically to this OSHA standard, although your em ployees should know the im portance of proper housekeeping, the safe use of ladders and m ethods of fall protection
71. Slide 71

    Legal Requirement s

    • Confined Space
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.146
    • Does your workplace contain spaces that are considered "confined" because their configurations hinder the activities of em ployees who m ust enter, work in and exit them ?
    • OSHA defines a "confined space" as a space that can be bodily entered, has limited means for entry or exit, and is not designed for employee occupancy.
72. Slide 72

    Legal Requirement s

    • Confined Space
    • When a confined space poses additional hazards, such as entrapm ent, asphyxiating atm ospheres, or the m oving parts of machinery, the space is defined by OSHA as a Permit -Required Confi ned Space.
    • Ensure safe entry into Perm it-Required Confined Spaces by im plem enting a written perm it space program and properly training your em ployees.
    • If you decide that you will not train or authorize your em ployees to enter confined spaces, be sure to label the spaces appropriately to prevent unauthorized entry.
    • Writ ten Program Required? Yes, for Perm it-Required
    • Confined Spaces (the Perm it-Required Confined Space Entry Program ).
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training and when a new hazard is introduced for entrants, attendants and entry supervisors. If em ployees are trained to perform rescue duties, they m ust practice perm it space rescues at least once every 12 m onths
73. Slide 73

    Legal Requirement s

    • Machine Guarding
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.211 - 1910.219.
    • Moving m achine parts have the potential for causing severe workplace injuries, such as crushed fingers or hands, am putations, burns, or blindness.
    • Any m achine part, function or process that m ay cause injury m ust be safeguarded.
    • Types of equipm ent such as abrasive wheels (grinding wheels), punch presses, woodworking equipm ent and others m ust be protected.
    • Writt en Program Required? No.
    • Training Required? Yes, training is required specifically for mechanical power presses; however, all employees should know guards are not to be bypassed
74. Slide 74

    Legal Requirement s

    • Electrical Safety
    • Too many standards to list here. Please see OSHA "Electrical" Em ployees who service electrical equipm ent m ust know how to do so safely. Working with electricity can be dangerous and you should know how to protect your em ployees against electrical hazards.
    • Writt en Program Required? Yes, if your em ployees work on or near exposed de-energized parts. The Lockout/Tagout Energy Control Program m ay m eet this requirem ent.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training and when a new hazard is introduced.
75. Slide 75

    Legal Requirement s

    • Lockout / Tagout
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.147. If your em ployees m aintain or service equipm ent, appropriate precautions m ust be taken to prevent potential exposure to energy.
    • Energy sources should be isolated, locked out and tagged to ensure that the equipm ent does not start during the servicing or m aintenance.
    • You m ust develop a written program and provide training to your em ployees to protect them from hazardous energy during equipm ent servicing.
    • Writ ten Program Required? Yes. Lockout/Tagout Energy Control Program .
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training and when a new hazard is introduced. Em ployees authorized to lock out or tag out m achines or equipm ent m ust have an annual review of the em ployee's responsibilities under the energy control procedure and an annual periodic inspection
76. Slide 76

    Legal Requirement s

    • Powered Industrial Trucks
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.178. Powered industrial trucks m ust be m aintained and operated safely.
    • Each year in the U.S., nearly 100 workers are killed and another 20,000 are seriously injured in forklift-related incidents [BLS 1997, 1998].
    • Forklift overturns are the leading cause of fatalities involving forklifts; they represent about 25% of all forklift-related deaths
    • Writ ten Program Required? No. Although not required, it is beneficial to develop a written procedure that describes your internal policies for operating powered industrial trucks in your facility. Therefore, your em ployees can easily read the rules.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training and an Operator Perform ance Evaluation every 3 years. Refresher training m ay be required if an operator operates a vehicle unsafely, is involved in an accident or near-m iss or m eets other criteria as indicated in the OSHA standard
77. Slide 77

    Legal Requirement s

    • Exit Routes
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.34 - 1910.37 You m ust com ply with the requirem ents for exit routes in the workplace to m inim ize dangers to em ployees during an evacuation.
    • Writ ten Program Required? No.
    • Training Required? No.
    • Em ergency Action
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.38.
    • An Em ergency Action Plan is required by som e OSHA standards and is generally recom m ended by OSHA. This plan describes the actions that em ployees will take to ensure their safety in a fire or other em ergency.
    • Writ ten Program Required? Yes. Em ergency Action Plan.
    • Training Required? Yes. Initial training and when a new plan is introduced
78. Slide 78

    Legal Requirement s

    • Fire Safety
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.39.
    • A Fire Prevention Plan is required by som e OSHA standards, although it is generally recom mended to im plem ent one. In addition, there are several fire safety issues to address in your facility such as the storage of flam mable liquids, welding and paint spray finishing.
    • Writt en Program Required? Yes. Fire Prevention Plan.
    • Training Required? Yes, initial training and when a new hazard is introduced.
79. Slide 79

    Legal Requirement s

    • Medical and First Aid
    • OSHA STD: 29 CFR 1910.151.
    • While it is your ultim ate goal to keep your workplace free from recognized hazards, it is appropriate to plan for responding to em ployee injuries. This can include providing access to m edical personnel, providing first aid supplies and providing first aid training to em ployees.
    • Writ ten Program Required? No.
    • Training Required? Yes, if you choose to train your em ployees in CPR and First Aid. Don't forget to include Bloodborne Pathogens training if these em ployees have exposure to blood or other potentially infectious m aterials.
    • For M ore I nfo: Medical and First Aid (OSHA site)