OSHA's Respirable Crystalline Silica Standard: Construction Employee

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1. Slide 1

   Respirable Crystalline Silica in Construction

   • Workplaces
   • Sample Employee Training
   • Presentation
2. Slide 2

   Respirable Crystalline Silica in Construction Workplaces- Copyright

   • This presentation contains copyrighted content. You may use, copy, distribute, and display the presentation as a whole. However, any copying, distribution, display, or modification of an individual copyrighted image or photo separate and apart from the presentation is not permitted without prior permission of the copyright holder, except as authorized by federal copyright law.
   • The appearance of particular vendors or their equipment and/or services in this document does not constitute an endorsement by OSHA or the U.S. Department of Labor.
   • Photo on the title slide is courtesy of D E WALT Industrial Tool Co.
3. Slide 3

   What You Will Learn

   • What respirable crystalline silica is
   • Mount
   • Sinai/CHEP/elcosh.org
   • How employees are exposed
   • Health effects from breathing respirable crystalline silica
4. Slide 4

   Photo courtesy of D E WALT Industrial Tool

   • What You Will Learn - Standard
   • Co.
   • Silica standard
   • Workplace protections
5. Slide 5

   What You Will Learn – Cont.

   • Medical surveillance
   • Neil Lippy/Hoar Construction/elcosh.org
   • Competent person
   • Amanda Mills/CDC
6. Slide 6

   Crystalline Silica

   • NIOSH
7. Slide 7

   Crystalline Silica Is Found In Many Construction Materials

   • Department of Labor/Shawn T Moore
   • John F. Rekus, PE, MS, CIH, FAIHA/elcosh.org
   • Photo courtesy of D E WALT Industrial Tool Co.
8. Slide 8

   Respirable Crystalline Silica

   • NIOSH
   • Used with permission (©) www.earldotter.com
9. Slide 9

   Workplace Tasks with Exposure

   • Employers must train employees on tasks in their workplace that can expose them to respirable crystalline silica
10. Slide 10

    Health Hazards of Silica

    • Silicosis
    • Lung cancer
    • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • (COPD)
    • Kidney diseases
    • Autoimmune diseases
11. Slide 11

    Health Hazards - Silicosis

    • Chronic
    • Accelerated
    • Acute
    • CDC
    • Three types:
    • Permanent
    • CDC
    • Can be debilitating or deadly
12. Slide 12

    Symptoms of Lung Diseases

    • Sometimes, no symptoms in early stage of disease
    • Coughing and shortness of breath
    • Fever, weight loss, exhaustion, and coughing up blood
13. Slide 13

    Protecting Employees

    • Hierarchy of Controls
14. Slide 14

    Engineering Controls

    • Cutting block without engineering controls
    • Department of Labor/Shawn T Moore
    • Cutting block using water to control the dust
15. Slide 15

    Engineering Controls

    • Department of Labor/Shawn T Moore
    • Grinding mortar without engineering controls
    • Grinding mortar using a vacuum dust collector
16. Slide 16

    Engineering Controls – Cont.

    • Employee protected inside the cab of heavy equipment used for demolition
    • Mount Sinai/CHEP/elcosh.org
17. Slide 17

    Work Practice Controls

    • Example: Fixing controls that are not working properly
    • Department of Labor/Shawn T Moore
18. Slide 18

    Department of Labor/Shawn T

    • Moore
    • Respirators
19. Slide 19

    Specific Protections in This Workplace

    • Employers must train employees on workplace-specific:
    • Engineering controls
    • Work practice controls
    • Respiratory protection
20. Slide 20

    Respirable Crystalline Silica Standard for Construction

    • Two Choices For Employers:
    • 1. Specified Exposure Controls
    • 2. Alternative
    • Exposure
    • Controls
    • Other Requirements: All employers
21. Slide 21

    Specified Exposure Control Methods: Table 1

    • Table 1:
    • Handheld power saw
    • Table 1:
    • Handheld grinder for uses other than mortar removal
22. Slide 22

    Example of a Table 1 Entry

23. Slide 23

    Example of a Table 1 Entry - Handheld

24. Slide 24

    List of Table 1 Entries

    • Handheld grinders for mortar removal (tuckpointing)
    • Handheld grinders for other
    • Handheld power saws for fiber
    • than mortar removal
    • cement board
    • Walk-behind milling machines and floor grinders
    • Walk-behind saws
    • Small drivable milling
    • Drivable saws
    • machines
    • Rig-mounted core saws or
    • Large drivable milling
    • drills
    • machines
    • Handheld and stand-mounted • Crushing machines drills
    • Heavy equipment and utility vehicles to abrade or fracture
    • Dowel drilling rigs for concrete
    • silica materials
    • Vehicle-mounted drilling rigs
    • Heavy equipment and utility
    • for rock and concrete
    • vehicles for grading and excavating
    • Jackhammers and handheld
    • powered chipping tools
    • Stationary masonry saws
    • Handheld power saws
25. Slide 25

    Alternative Exposure Control

    • Methods – Permissible Exposure
    • Limit (PEL)
    • 50 Micrograms per Cubic Meter of
    • Air (µg/m 3 )
    • Averaged over an 8-hour work day
26. Slide 26

    Perspective on PEL

    • 1,000 µg in the air of this room = 50 µg/m 3
    • 1,000 µg of silica
    • 20 cubic meters of air
    • 2.4 meters
    • 3.1 meters
    • 2.7 meters
27. Slide 27

    Alternative Exposure Control Methods – Exposure Assessment

    • Construction Safety Council
    • Employers must:
    • Determine exposures
    • Give employees results
    • Let representatives observe
28. Slide 28

    Alternative Exposure Control Methods – Methods of Compliance

    • Employers must
    • select:
    • Engineering controls Hierarchy of
    • Controls
    • Work practice
    • controls
    • Respirators, if
    • needed
29. Slide 29

    Respiratory Protection

    • Department of Labor/Shawn T Moore
    • Employers must:
    • Provide respirators if needed
    • Follow the respiratory protection standard
30. Slide 30

    Housekeeping

    • When cleaning silica dust, avoid:
    • Dry sweeping/brushing
    • Compressed air without a ventilation system to capture the dust
31. Slide 31

    Housekeeping – Cont.

    • Employers must let employees know which housekeeping methods:
    • Must be used in the workplace
    • Must not be used in the workplace
32. Slide 32

    Written Exposure Control Plan

    • Employers must:
    • Prepare and implement plan addressing:
    • Exposure sources
    • Controls
    • Housekeeping
    • Restricting access
    • Review plan yearly
    • Make it available
33. Slide 33

    Competent Person

    • Identifies and minimizes silica hazards
    • Employees must know the competent person
    • Morgan Zavertnik/Hoar Construction/elcosh.org
34. Slide 34

    Medical Surveillance

    • For employees who must wear a respirator under the silica standard for 30 or more days/year
    • Offered:
    • Within 30 days of assignment
    • Every three years
    • Amanda Mills/CDC
35. Slide 35

    Medical Exams

    • Medical and work history
    • Physical exam
    • X-rays
36. Slide 36

    Medical Exams - Test

    • Tuberculosis (TB test)
    • Lung function test
    • CDC
37. Slide 37

    Why Medical Exams are Important

    • Determine fitness to use respirator
    • Find disease or increased sensitivity to silica exposure
    • Department of Labor/Shawn T Moore
38. Slide 38

    Medical Report for the Employee

    • Medical conditions
    • Recommended limitations on respirator use and exposure to silica
    • Recommendation for specialist exam
    • Only goes to the employee
39. Slide 39

    Medical Opinion for the Employer

    • Only medical info included:
    • Recommended respirator limitations
    • Additional information requiring employee consent:
    • Recommended exposure limitations
    • Recommendation for specialist exam
40. Slide 40

    Employee’s Copy of the Employer’s

    • Written Medical Opinion
    • Employees also get a copy
    • Proof of exam for future employers
41. Slide 41

    Exams at No Cost to Employees

    • Employer covers costs of:
    • Exams
    • Tests
    • Time spent traveling and getting exam
42. Slide 42

    Other Training

    • Hazard communication program
    • Respiratory protection program
    • United Steelworkers – Tony Mazzocchi Center
43. Slide 43

    Copy of the Standard

    • Employers must:
    • Make a copy of the standard available
    • At no charge
44. Slide 44

    Recordkeeping

    • Employers must:
    • Keep medical and exposure records
    • Make them available
45. Slide 45

    More Information

    • www.osha.gov/silica/